Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Investigation of Antibacterial and Antiinflammatory Activities of Proanthocyanidins from Pelargonium sidoides DC Root Extract

doi: 10.3390/nu11112829

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of Pelargonium sidoides root extract (PSRE) and proanthocyanidins from PSRE (PACN) on ( a ) interleukin-8 (IL-8) and ( b ) prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion from gingival fibroblasts, and ( c ) interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion from peripheral blood mononuclear cells after LPS treatment. Fifty and 100 represent the concentrations (μg/mL). The data are presented as means and standard deviations of seven experiments. *—significant difference compared to untreated control, #—significant difference compared to LPS only treatment and &—significant difference compared to LPS plus a 50 μg/mL PSRE treatment, p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were purchased from ATCC (ATCC ® PCS-800-011TM, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Investigation of Antibacterial and Antiinflammatory Activities of Proanthocyanidins from Pelargonium sidoides DC Root Extract

doi: 10.3390/nu11112829

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of Pelargonium sidoides root extract (PSRE) and proanthocyanidins from PSRE (PACN) on proinflammatory gene expression in bone marrow-derived macrophages ( a – c ) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( d – f ) after LPS or LPS and IFN- stimulation. ( a , d ) IL-1β ( a , b ) iNOS, ( c , f ) TNF- and ( e ) COX-2. The data are expressed as a fold change of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase gene transcription and presented as mean ± SD of three independent measurements. *—significantly different from the LPS-treated samples (ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s multiple comparison test, p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were purchased from ATCC (ATCC ® PCS-800-011TM, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Gene Expression, Derivative Assay, Comparison

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Cathepsin B-Activatable Bioactive Peptide Nanocarrier for High-Efficiency Immunotherapy of Asthma

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S455633

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of PEG-Liker (PEG-IALLIPF), Trp, or MPP-Trp on the production of NO and Pro-inflammatory cytokines. ( A ) In Control-PBMCs, Asthma-PBMCs, Asthma-PBMCs + PEG-Liker, Asthma-PBMCs + Trp and Asthma-PBMCs + MPP-Trp group, NO production were examined by NO assay kit. Pro-inflammatory cytokines ( B ) TNF-α, ( C ) IL-1β, and ( D ) IL-6 contents in all groups were examined by ELISA assay. Data were presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. * P <0.05, ** P <0.01, *** P <0.001 vs Asthma-PBMCs group.

Article Snippet: The total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from the whole blood samples of control group and asthma group by mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cell isolation kit (P6340; Solarbio, Beijing, China) according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Control, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Cathepsin B-Activatable Bioactive Peptide Nanocarrier for High-Efficiency Immunotherapy of Asthma

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S455633

Figure Lengend Snippet: MPP-Trp was closely correlated with the balanced Th1/Th2 level and Th1/Th2-type cytokine production. ( A ) In Control-PBMCs, Asthma-PBMCs, Asthma-PBMCs + PEG-Liker, Asthma-PBMCs + Trp and Asthma-PBMCs + MPP-Trp group, Th1 population (CD4+IFN-γ+) and Th2 population (CD4+IL-4+) were selected by flow cytometry assay. ( B ) Relative mRNA expressions of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5 in all groups were assessed by qRT-PCR. ( C ) The IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5 contents in all groups were examined by ELISA assay. Data were presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. * P <0.05, ** P <0.01, *** P <0.001 vs Asthma-PBMCs group.

Article Snippet: The total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from the whole blood samples of control group and asthma group by mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cell isolation kit (P6340; Solarbio, Beijing, China) according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Control, Flow Cytometry, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Cathepsin B-Activatable Bioactive Peptide Nanocarrier for High-Efficiency Immunotherapy of Asthma

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S455633

Figure Lengend Snippet: MPP-Trp altered cytokine gene expression and production in a concentration-dependent way. In Control-PBMCs, Asthma-PBMCs, and Asthma-PBMCs + MPP-Trp (10, 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL) group, ( A ) Th1/Th2 cytokine gene expressions (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5) were determined by RT-qPCR. ( B ) The cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5) levels in all groups were detected by ELISA. Data were presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. ** P <0.01, *** P <0.001 vs Control-PBMCs group; # P <0.05, ## P <0.01, ### P <0.001 vs Asthma-PBMCs group.

Article Snippet: The total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from the whole blood samples of control group and asthma group by mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cell isolation kit (P6340; Solarbio, Beijing, China) according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Concentration Assay, Control, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Cathepsin B-Activatable Bioactive Peptide Nanocarrier for High-Efficiency Immunotherapy of Asthma

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S455633

Figure Lengend Snippet: MPP-Trp altered cytokine gene expression and production in a time-dependent way. ( A ) In Control-PBMCs, Asthma-PBMCs, and 100 μg/mL Asthma-PBMCs + MPP-Trp (6, 12, 24, and 48 h) group, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5 mRNA levels were determined by RT-qPCR. ( B ) The Th1/Th2-type cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5) productions in all group were examined by ELISA. Data were presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *** P <0.001 vs Control-PBMCs group; # P <0.05; ## P <0.01; ### P <0.001 vs Asthma-PBMCs group.

Article Snippet: The total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from the whole blood samples of control group and asthma group by mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cell isolation kit (P6340; Solarbio, Beijing, China) according to the manufacturer's protocol.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Control, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Engineered Salmonella Enteritidis vector targeting innate immune molecules provides protection against Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.105724

Figure Lengend Snippet: Specific cellular immune responses induced by SIRV in chickens. (A-C) Lymphocyte proliferation. PBMCs are stimulated with SE ( C50041 )-OMPs (A), SE (CVCC3949)-OMPs (B), and ST-OMPs (C), and proliferation is measured using the CCK-8 assay. (D-F) Cytokine production upon in vitro stimulation of lymphocytes. PBMCS are stimulated with SE ( C50041 )-OMPs (D), SE (CVCC3949)-OMPs (E), and ST-OMPs (F). mRNA expression levels of IFN‐γ and IL‐4 are quantified by qRT-PCR. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD of three chickens. Ns, not significant, *, P < 0.05, **, P < 0.01, ***, P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated 1 week post-vaccination using the chicken PBMC isolation kit (Solarbio).

Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, In Vitro, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Viruses

Article Title: The Mechanism of PEDV-Carrying CD3 + T Cells Migrate into the Intestinal Mucosa of Neonatal Piglets

doi: 10.3390/v13030469

Figure Lengend Snippet: Blood-derived CD3 + T cells could be hijacked by PEDV in vitro. Blood-derived CD3 + T cells were infected with PEDV at different times. The viral loads in blood-derived CD3 + T cells were detected by Western blotting ( a ), plaque assay ( b ), and FACS ( c ). At least three independent experiments were performed. PBMC: Peripheral blood monoculear cell; FACS: Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorte.

Article Snippet: Porcine PBMCs (Peripheral blood mononuclear cells) were isolated from the blood of neonatal piglets by density centrifugation using a porcine peripheral blood lymphocyte separation kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, In Vitro, Infection, Western Blot, Plaque Assay, Fluorescence